Detailed gene information

Genes [306]

DCL1LHYGA2ox6MRG2CRY2ATPRMT10ATX2STOESD7, TIL1, ABO4NF-YC9, HAP5CPHYACIB4OTS2LWD1, ATAN11UBC1GAI, RGA2GA3OX1TPLCSTF77ARP4AFR2GIPFT1, MED25TEM1, EDF1CIB5CUL3AVOZ1GA2ox2SUF4FRL2RCD1FBH1GA2ox4CPK33GA2ox7FBH3, AKS1, BHLH122ASH2R, TROHTA9SPA4SPL4RRP6L1NF-YC3HUB2MED13, GCT, MAB2VIM1, ORTH2OTS1, ULP1DVIP5LDL1FTVIM2RGL1AT-STUbl4FKF1, ADO3TEM2, RAV2AP1CDF5CSTF64PHLAFR1SDG26, ASHH1FLM, MAF1, AGL27EFS, SDG8GA2ox1TPS1APL, WDY, FEGA2, ATKS1ELF7PRP8, SUS2, EMB33GA3OX2RGA1UBC2EFMELF8, VIP6ABH1, CBP80CPK6FDP, BZIP27PHYBVIL3, VEL2LKP2MIR156GFVE, MSI4GLK1, GPRI1FIO1GRP7, CCR2MED18SVPAGL17CLF, SDG1SUVR5MIR156AELF3ATCMIR172ATOE1, RAP2.7PUB12FLXUGT87A2ATX1, SDG27COP1SPL3FES1CDF4GA2ox3NF-YA4JMJ15, MEE27SRO1AS1HTA8NF-YB1, HAP3ASNZESD6, HOS1ELF4SPL9FBH4, AKS3VOZ2PIF4FPASDG7, ASSH3CKB4HUB1AHL22AGL6SOC1, AGL20BRM, CHR2LRB1SPA1PRR9CCA1RFI2HULK2AKIN10, SNRK1.1MBD9GASA5RGL2MYR2FLKGID1ACOL9FLD, RSI1MIR172CUBP13PIE1LDL2SPL5SPA3BRC1, TCP18VRN1DNFFIE1, FIS3JMJ30TICPHP, CDC73AtBMI1CVIL1, VRN5LWD2ICE1, SCRMSSRP1, HMG, NFDMYB30ARP6, SUF3, ESD1SUS4DCL3ATJ3HDA9JMJ32, JMJD5PUB13LUX, PCL1CDF3REF6, JMJ12UBP26WDR5ALNK2HTA11SMZAGL16INO80AGL18SPL15PIF5, PIL6CKB3LRB2, POB1GID1BHULK3MED12, CCT, CRPFRILIF2LDGA1AtNDXMED16, SFR6CRY1FBH2DET1, FUS2SPT16XAL2, AGL14NF-YB3, HAP3CESD4PHYDFCAVRN2PHYETSFJMJ14, PKDM7B, JMJ4GA2ox8EBSAGL19CAD2, RML1, GSH1AGL24PGI1MOS1GA20ox1FWA, HDG6WRKY34, MSP3ULT1HXK1, GIN2VIP3, SKI8VIL2, VEL1MIR156BSKB1, PRMT5MIR156CATH1CIB1FDAP2MRG1CSP2, GRP2BBX19SHL1, SHLHB16, ATHB16PRR7TFL1ELF6MIR172BSUC9UBP12FTIP1GA20OX3HAM2, HAG5, HAC11FLC, AGL25, FLFMIR156DEMF1MIR156ENF-YA1, HAP2BFYAGL15BAF60, CHC1COFRL1, SUF8RGL3TFL2, LHP1MYR1DCL4HUA2RUP2, EFO2PRR5FPF1MIR156FGID1CPHYCRRP6L2SEF, SWC6RVE2, CIR1VIM3, ORTH1CDF2HLP1ATXR7, SDG25IDD8, NUCGLK2CBP20YAF9A, TAF14B, GAS41CUL4NF-YB2, HAP3BADG1, APS1CIB2LATEPRMT4AEMF2, CYR1GA20ox2PGM1MIR156HZTLVIN3COL5MSI1SRR1PRR3TOE2SIZ1FUL, AGL8HDA5VIP4TOC1LFYFLX4, FLL4BFTCDF1HDA6, RTS1NF-YC4GIS5, EMB2780LNK1HAM1CDKC;2MAF2, AGL31MAF3, AGL70MAF4, AGL69MAF5, AGL68TOE3

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Publications

Sanda S L et al., 1996, Mol. Gen. Genet.
Michaels S D et al., 1999, Plant Cell
Sheldon C C et al., 1999, Plant Cell
Michaels S D et al., 2001, Plant Cell
Sheldon C C et al., 2002, Plant Cell
Michaels S D et al., 2003, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
Lim M et al., 2004, Plant Cell
Zhao Z et al., 2005, Nat. Cell Biol.
Edwards K D et al., 2006, Plant Cell
Deal R B et al., 2007, Plant Cell
Pien S et al., 2008, Plant Cell
Swiezewski S et al., 2009, Nature
Sun Q et al., 2013, Science
Yang H et al., 2014, Curr. Biol.
Mateos J L et al., 2015, Genome Biol.
Duncan S et al., 2015, Elife
Bouché F et al., 2015, Plant Signal Behav

Appears in the following schemes

Overview
Photoperiod pathway
Flower development
Vernalization
FLC regulation during a cold period

Protein function

Encodes a MADS-box transcription factor.

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Phenotype

Overexpressor:
FLC overexpressor is late flowering under both SD and LD conditions. [Michaels et al., 1999][Sheldon et al., 1999]

Single mutant:
flc single mutant is early flowering under both SD and LD conditions, especially in the Col FRI background and other winter-accessions. [Michaels et al., 1999][Michaels et al., 2001][Sheldon et al., 1999]

Remarks:
Antisense (COOLAIR) and alternative transcripts (COLDAIR) of FLC are involved in its regulation and are evolutionary-conserved. [Heo et al., 2011][Liu et al., 2010][Swiezewski et al., 2009]

Remarks:
FLC and SVP have a subset of common targets: the FLC-SVP duplex binds to multiple flowering time genes, including gibberelin-related factors. However, FLC and SVP also have their own specific targets. [Mateos et al., 2015]

Remarks:
FLC interacts with SVP and binds to the promoter of FT and SOC1 to repress their expression. [Li et al., 2008][Hepworth et al., 2002]

Function:
Putative transcription factor that seems to play a central role in the regulation of flowering time in the late-flowering phenotype by interacting with FRIGIDA , the autonomous and the vernalization flowering pathways. Inhibits flowering by repressing SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 . [Data from UniProt]

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Regulators, targets and interactors

Downstream actors

causality
FT -- [Li et al., 2008][Deng et al., 2011][Lee et al., 2007][Searle et al., 2006][Helliwell et al., 2006][Jang et al., 2009][Tao et al., 2012][Gregis et al., 2013][Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

SEP3 -- [Deng et al., 2011][Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

TOE3 -- [Deng et al., 2011][Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

FLC, AGL25, FLF -- [Csorba et al., 2014][Heo et al., 2011] -- [View TAIR record]

SOC1, AGL20 -- [Li et al., 2008][Deng et al., 2011][Searle et al., 2006][Helliwell et al., 2006][Tao et al., 2012][Gregis et al., 2013][Mateos et al., 2015][Hepworth et al., 2002] -- [View TAIR record]

SMZ -- [Deng et al., 2011][Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

TOE1, RAP2.7 -- [Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

FD -- [Deng et al., 2011][Searle et al., 2006] -- [View TAIR record]

AP3 -- [Deng et al., 2011][Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

SPL15 -- [Deng et al., 2011][Mateos et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

Upstream actors

causality
YAF9A, TAF14B, GAS41 -- [Zacharaki et al., 2012] -- [View TAIR record]

VOZ1 -- [Yasui et al., 2014][Yasui et al., 2012][Celesnik et al., 2013] -- [View TAIR record]

CSTF64 -- [Liu et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

ELF8, VIP6 -- [He et al., 2004] -- [View TAIR record]

TFL2, LHP1 -- [Sung et al., 2006] -- [View TAIR record]

ICE1, SCRM -- [Lee et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

BAF60, CHC1 -- [Jégu et al., 2014][Sacharowski et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

ATX2 -- [Pien et al., 2008][Shafiq et al., 2014][Berr et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

PIE1 -- [Noh et al., 2003] -- [View TAIR record]

LIF2 -- [Latrasse et al., 2011] -- [View TAIR record]

FCA -- [Marquardt et al., 2014][Liu et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

FLD, RSI1 -- [Jiang et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

FRI -- [Johanson et al., 2000] -- [View TAIR record]

UBC2 -- [Cao et al., 2008][Gu et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

CSTF77 -- [Liu et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

ELF7 -- [He et al., 2004] -- [View TAIR record]

CUL4 -- [Pazhouhandeh et al., 2011] -- [View TAIR record]

FLC, AGL25, FLF -- [Csorba et al., 2014][Heo et al., 2011] -- [View TAIR record]

DET1, FUS2 -- [Kang et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

ATX1, SDG27 -- [Pien et al., 2008][Shafiq et al., 2014][Berr et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

UGT87A2 -- [Wang et al., 2012] -- [View TAIR record]

SPT16 -- [Lolas et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

HUA2 -- [Doyle et al., 2005][Cheng et al., 2003] -- [View TAIR record]

WDR5A -- [Jiang et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

FY -- [Liu et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

UBC1 -- [Cao et al., 2008][Gu et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

SUF4 -- [Choi et al., 2011] -- [View TAIR record]

PHP, CDC73 -- [Yu et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

VOZ2 -- [Yasui et al., 2014][Yasui et al., 2012][Celesnik et al., 2013] -- [View TAIR record]

CDKC;2 -- [Wang et al., 2014] -- [View TAIR record]

HDA5 -- [Luo et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

CLF, SDG1 -- [Jiang et al., 2008][Lopez-Vernaza et al., 2012] -- [View TAIR record]

JMJ15, MEE27 -- [Yang et al., 2012] -- [View TAIR record]

SSRP1, HMG, NFD -- [Lolas et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

SWP73A -- [Sacharowski et al., 2015] -- [View TAIR record]

GASA5 -- [Zhang et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

ATXR7, SDG25 -- [Tamada et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

FPA -- [Liu et al., 2010] -- [View TAIR record]

HUB1 -- [Cao et al., 2008][Gu et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

UBP26 -- [Schmitz et al., 2009] -- [View TAIR record]

Protein-protein interactions

FLM, MAF1, AGL27 -- [Gu et al., 2013] -- [View TAIR record]

SVP -- [Li et al., 2008][Fujiwara et al., 2008][Hu et al., 2014] -- [View TAIR record]


MAF3, AGL70 -- [Gu et al., 2013] -- [View TAIR record]

MAF4, AGL69 -- [Gu et al., 2013] -- [View TAIR record]

FLC, AGL25, FLF interaction network

Downstream and upstream flowering-related genes

Physical interactions with other flowering-related proteins